Hawaii on the Verge of Statehood: Color Photos, 1959

Written By: Ben Cosgrove

The image and legend of Hawaii as a tropical paradise endures for countless reasons. Few places on earth can boast more dramatic or romantic landscapes; the weather is generally gorgeous; the variety of climates one can encounter within the space of a few miles from arid to tropical to near-alpine to sun-splashed beach is mind-boggling.

But paradise, as we all know, exists only in fairy tales—or, if a paradise did once exist in the Pacific, it long ago gave way to the complex, ambiguous and often politically fraught realities of the modern world. The Hawaii of the travel brochures—as marvelous as it might be in theory, and even at times in fact—is a beautiful construct that often ignores the island chain’s bumpier, and endlessly fascinating, history. (For instance, how many Americans in the contiguous 48 know anything at all about the nonviolent “democratic revolution” of labor strikes and major acts of civil disobedience that roiled the islands in 1954, reshaping Hawaii’s political landscape for all time?)

Here, LIFE.com presents color photographs made in 1959, the year that Hawaii was admitted to the Union. The admission took place on August 21, and in a March 1959 article, “Hawaii Beauty, Wealth, Amiable People,” for which these pictures were shot, LIFE painted a largely rosy picture of the place:

The first proposal to make Hawaii a state was put forward more than a hundred years ago when President Franklin Pierce cast his eyes across the Pacific and proposed that the splendid and strategic islands be taken into the union. Pierce’s plan faded and it was not until 1898 that Hawaii was annexed as a U.S. territory. Proposals to make Hawaii a state have been on the books of Congress for more than 40 years. Now it seems almost certain that in this session Hawaii will achieve its aim. [Hawaii was granted statehood in August 1959.]

As a territory, Hawaii has developed a sturdy economy based on U.S. military expenditures at Pearl Harbor and elsewhere, and on sugar, pineapple, tourism and livestock. The islands, which have a total area roughly that of New Jersey, have bred an incredibly polyglot and racially integrated population of nearly 600,000. This mean that Hawaiian statehood, besides conferring full U.S. status on a potentially rich and decidedly vital area, would also indicate to all the peoples of the Pacific and of Asia that the U.S. can still be the tolerant, hospitable melting pot of old.

Liz Ronk edited this gallery for LIFE.com. Follow her on Twitter at @LizabethRonk.

Cattle grazed under volcanic cliffs on Oahu, 1959.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Foodland supermarket, Hawaii, 1959.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

A black-sand beach, made by waves battering volcanic rock, on the Big Island, Hawaii, 1959.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Hawaii, 1959.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Dole’s 15,000-acre Wahiawa plantation near Honolulu, 1959.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

St. Catherine’s Church on Kauai, 1959.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Wash hung out to dry, Hawaii, 1959.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Fans at a football game, Hawaii, 1959.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

A drum majorette led the band at a Honolulu football game, 1959.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

Football game, Honolulu, 1959.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock

This paddle dance, performed in honor of Lono, god of peace and agriculture, was taught to fourth-grade students at the Kamehameha Schools by a teacher of pure Hawaiian blood, Esther Waihee McClellan.

Ralph Crane The LIFE Picture Collection/Shutterstock